Roman government comprised Members of the military, consuls, magistrates, and senate.
The two consuls, who had taken the king's place, were principally generals tasked with commanding Rome's legions in battle. Rome selected a dictator in lieu of the consuls in times of military necessity, when the unity of command was occasionally required. The dictator, however, could not wield supreme military command for more than six months at a period.
The Senate, which may have existed during the monarchy and acted as the king's advisory council, now provided advice to both magistrates and the Roman populace. Although the Senate simply provided advice and the people were the sole source of authority in theory, in reality, the Senate had tremendous power due to the status enjoyed by all of its members.
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