Unsaturated fatty acids can preserve membrane fluidity by being compressed, which causes the "kinks" in their tails to push apart nearby phospholipid molecules. The fluidity of the membrane at low temperatures depends on the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids.
Membrane fluidity in biology refers to the viscosity of a cell membrane's lipid bilayer or a synthetic lipid membrane. Lipid packing may have an impact on the membrane's fluidity.
In animals, cholesterol plays a role in maintaining membrane fluidity. It resides in the membrane next to the phospholipids and tends to mitigate the effects of temperature on the membrane.
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