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The presence or absence of double bonds between the carbon atom and other atoms determines whether a carbon atom's covalent bonds to other atoms are in a tetrahedral configuration or a planar configuration.
The condition of electronic configuration is the one that determines the kinds as well as the number of bonds that a carbon atom will form with other atoms. When two carbon atoms are bonded by a double bond, the particular atom which is joined to the carbon exists in the same plane as the place of carbons. The organic molecules called hydrocarbons consists of only hydrogen and carbon.
Because reason of having four electrons by carbon in its valence shell, it is capable of forming four covalent bonds with that of other atoms. Whenever carbon forms four bonds with other atoms, the resulting molecule thus formed has a shape of tetrahedral. Generally, there are three basic types of covalent bonds which include single bonds, double bonds as well as triple bonds.
A carbon atom's covalent bonds to other atoms are in a planar configuration with the presence or absence of double bonds.
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