Empires or states legitimized or consolidated their powers in the three ways as listed below
The Neo-Assyrian empire can be seen as the first empire in the world. This empire legitimized power through their strong military power. it extended from Mesopotamia to Africa (Egypt)to the Levant (Eastern Mediterranean region).The Neo-Assyrian kings has greater intentions in expanding and controlling their regions. This they do using the strong military power.
The Chinese also had am empire around 1046 BC. This the longest serving dynasty in Chinese history. The empire was led by Zhou dynasty. the dynasty used strong military power and also applied religion by using the oracle script and the divine footprint of shangdi
The Gupta empire was an ancient Indian empire. The empire was from the 4th century to the 6th century when the empire was invaded and collapsed. The empire consolidated power through their religion which is Hindu. The invasion of Gupta empire involved taking hold of their land which is helps their agricultural needs.
In all the empires requires land for agriculture and food production for continuous survival then powers stemming from religion and military power also very helpful to avoid invasion and collapse.
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