The enzyme xanthine oxidase converts hypoxanthine, which stands in for the original adenine, into xanthine.
The enzyme xanthine oxidase, which is mostly found in mammals as xanthine dehydrogenase and infrequently as an oxidase, catalyzes the synthesis of uric acid from xanthine and hypoxanthine, which are themselves formed from other purines.
Exogenous (dietary) or endogenous purines are converted metabolically to uric acid, especially in the liver and intestine. Xanthine is the direct precursor to uric acid and is converted to the acid by xanthine oxidase or its isoform, xanthine dehydrogenase.
Blood contains the waste substance uric acid. It is produced through the body's breakdown of substances known as purines. The majority of uric acid is dissolved in the blood, travels via the kidneys, and is excreted in urine. Uric acid levels are raised by purine-rich foods and beverages.
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