Respuesta :
By separating the reactions of ATP production from the electron transport chain, an uncoupler or uncoupling agent is a chemical that interferes with oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria or photophosphorylation in chloroplasts.
As a result, energy is used by the cell or mitochondrion to produce a proton-motive force, but the proton-motive force is lost before the ATP synthase can recapture it and use it to produce ATP. Protons can be transported by uncouplers across lipid and mitochondrial membranes.
Five characteristics distinguish traditional uncouplers:
- Full revocation of respiratory control.
- The replacement of each linked process including ATP synthesis, transhydrogenation, reverse electron flow, active cation transport, etc. with a cyclic proton transport is carried out through the uncoupler.
- The removal of all cationic and protonic gradients produced across the prokaryotic or mitochondrial membrane.
- There is no distinction between one coupling site and another in these operations.
- No distinction between linked operations powered by ATP hydrolysis and coupled processes powered by electron transport.
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