Respuesta :
Pied kingfishers (Ceryle rudis) dive for fish while hovering for up to several minutes. The most energy-intensive kind of flight, hovering depends on active wing flapping and flying into a headwind. While aerodynamic forces only grow quadratically with size, hovering power is mass dependent and increases as the cube of size.
- Therefore, birds exceeding a particular body mass can only hover against a headwind and for extremely little periods of time.
- Because of their small size (between 2 and 20 grams), high wing-beat frequency, and distinctive morphology, hummingbirds are thought to be the only species of birds that can hover continuously without wind.
- The Pied Kingfisher, which is around 17 cm long, is renowned for its capacity to hover over its prey while catching it without needing to fly to a perch.
- In 139 hovers, we looked observed the pied kingfisher's hovering behaviors in relation to wind and sun orientation.
- Additionally, dealing with the optical impacts of light at the air/water interface is necessary for plunge diving.
- The kingfishers' body axes were more inclined to face the wind than the sun.
- It was typical to hover in weak or no wind.
- Enhanced wind speed resulted in the following changes: (a) increased orientation accuracy; (b) unchanged wing beat amplitude; (c) decreased wing beat frequency; and (d) more horizontal body tilt.
- The head had excellent head stability and was oriented to allow for monocular sight of the prey.
- We come to the conclusion that pied kingfishers can hover continuously.
- They exhibit typical kinematics and morphology while being substantially heavier than the theoretical maximum.
- The ability to view submerged prey across the interface is made possible via head stabilization.
To learn more about pied kingfisher visit:
https://brainly.com/question/9489688
#SPJ4
