Debit Allowance for Doubtful Accounts, credit Accounts Receivable.
The entry to write off a bad account affects only balance sheet accounts: a debit to Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and a credit to Accounts Receivable. No expense or loss is reported on the income statement because this write-off is "covered" under the earlier adjusting entries for estimated bad debts expense.
The journal entry for the Bad Debt Expense increases (debit) the expense's balance, and the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts increases (credit) the balance in the Allowance.
Under the allowance method, a write‐off does not change the net realizable value of accounts receivable. It simply reduces accounts receivable and allowances for bad debts by equivalent amounts. Customers whose accounts have already been written off as uncollectible will sometimes pay their debts.
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