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A temperate biome, chaparral, or Mediterranean Forests and Shrub is known for its hot, dry summers and moderate, wet winters. The winter and spring rainy seasons see almost all of the rainfall. The locations are

  • Mediterranean regions
  • California in North America
  • Southern Australia
  • Southern Africa

The chaparral is a distinctive group of plants that has adapted to poor, dry, well-drained soils, exposure to the sun, and maritime conditions. It predominates the south-facing slopes of California's numerous mountains, as can be seen on the cross-sectional map of the US shown above from the Pacific to the Atlantic Oceans. Some of the species are found up in Oregon, in the north.

Because the species are fire resistant in addition to withstanding mild drought, burning is a factor in the growth and health of this plant community.

Depending on the soil substrate, drainage, and plant species composition, the community is separated into hard and soft chaparral species. Additionally, there are seven different types of chaparral based on the predominant plant species.

As a result, these strange plant species are coupled with a vegetational relationship of fungi, mammals, and bacteria.

One authority notes that

  • “The Chaparral Biome of California. In further looking at the US chaparral biome in California, also known as the woodlands and grasslands of California,
  • you'll find the biome in a section of the Sierra Nevada. The coastal range lays at 53° to 65º latitude on the coast and 32° to 60º North in the mountain range.”
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