The buffer system which plays the most vital role to prevent changes in the pH of the extracellular fluid caused by metabolic and fixed acids is the bicarbonate buffer.
The bicarbonate buffer-
The bicarbonate buffer system is a system which is responsible for the regulation of homeostasis in the extracellular fluid and in blood. This mechanism regulates the pH of the extracellular fluid by neutralizing the hydrogen ions which are produced in the extracellular fluid. This system generates carbonic acid which is weak and is volatile. This carbonic acid can cleave and dissociate into carbon dioxide which is removed from the body by the lungs.
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