The mass of a proton and neutron and the positive charge of the proton accounts for why the electrons are thousands of times smaller than the nucleus and negatively charged.
Electrons are one of the three fundamental particles that make up an atom.
Electrons are negatively-charged particles which are found in certain regions of space around the nucleus of an atom at a particular instant.
The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons. The protons are positively-charged while the neutrons are neutral. Thu, the negative charge of the electron balances the positive charge of the nucleus.
The mass of a proton is about 1840 times heavier than the electron. Thus, the nucleus is many thousand times heavier than the electron.
In conclusion, the negative charge of the electron ensures an atom is neutral.
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