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After allowing phages grown with bacteria in a medium that contained 32P and 35S, Hershey and Chase used a centrifuge to separate the phage ghosts from the infected cell. They then examined the infected cells and found that they contained 32P which demonstrated that DNA is the phage's genetic material.
- Scientists weren't sure if a cell's genetic material was made up of proteins or DNA until the middle of the 20th century.
- It was known that some viruses could transmit their genetic material into hosts and only contained DNA and a protein coat.
- Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase performed several tests in 1952 to demonstrate that DNA was the genetic material.
- In order to radioactively label a particular viral component, viruses (T2 bacteriophage) were cultured in one of two isotopic media.
- Viral proteins that had been radiolabeled during growth in radioactive sulfur (35S) (sulfur is present in proteins but not DNA)
- Radiolabeled DNA was found in viruses growing in radioactive phosphorus (32P) (phosphorus is present in DNA but not proteins)
- After the viruses had a chance to infect the bacteria (E. coli), they were centrifuged to separate the bacteria from the virus.
- While the tiny viruses stayed in the supernatant, the larger bacteria formed a solid pellet.
- The 32P-viruses (DNA) were found to make the bacterial pellet radioactive, but not the 35S-viruses (protein)
- Because DNA was transferred to the bacteria, it was proven that DNA, not protein, was the genetic material.
learn more about Hershey and Chase experiment here: https://brainly.com/question/14452453
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