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If a satelite with a mass of 9 x 10^2 kg is placed in an orbit around a planet with a mass of 6 x 10^20 kg, at a speed of 17000 m/s, find the distance from the center of the planet to the satelite.

Respuesta :

leena

Hi there!

We can begin by deriving an equation for the orbital radius.

For an object orbiting the earth, it is experiencing a centripetal force due to the force of gravitation.

Recall Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation:
[tex]F_g = \frac{Gm_1m_2}{r^2}[/tex]

G = Gravitational Constant (6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ Nm²/kg²)

m = masses (kg)
r = radius (m)

This is equivalent to the satellite's centripetal force experienced:

[tex]F_c = \frac{m_sv^2}{r}[/tex]

[tex]m_s[/tex] = mass of satellite (kg)

v = velocity (m/s)

r = radius (m)

Set the two equal, and rearrange for the orbital radius of the satellite.

[tex]\frac{Gm_sm_p}{r^2} = \frac{m_sv^2}{r}\\\\\frac{Gm_p}{r} = v^2\\\\r = \frac{Gm_p}{v^2}[/tex]

Notice that the orbital radius of the satellite does NOT depend on the satellite's mass. (we canceled it out).

Now, plug in the given values.

[tex]r = \frac{(6.67\times 10^{-11})(6\times 10^{20})}{17000^2} = \boxed{138.478 m}[/tex]