The type of substance which reacts with limestone and produces carbon dioxide gas is an acid.
Limestone is a basic compound with a molecular formula CaCO₃ and it reacts with acid to produce carbon dioxide gas.
Reaction between the limestone and an acid known as hydrochloric acid to produce carbon dioxide gas, water molecule and calcium chloride salt as:
CaCO₃ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + CO₂ + H₂O
Hence required substance is an acid.
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