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The highest cervical vertebra articulates with the skull; the thoracic vertebrae articulate with the ribs; and the sacrum articulates with the two coxal bones to form the pelvis.

What is the vertebral colum?

The vertebral column is a cartilaginous and bony structure articulated in the form of a longitudinal stem that is located in the posterior of the skeleton of several vertebrate animals.

The spinal column is divided into several sections which are:

  • The cervical vertebrae form the neck.
  • The thoracic vertebrae comprise the portion of the thorax and have ribs attached to them.
  • The lumbar vertebrae are the remaining vertebrae that are below the last thoracic bone and on top of the sacrum.
  • The sacral vertebrae are surrounded by the pelvic bones and the coccyx represents the terminal vertebrae or traces of the tail.

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