Complementary angles add to 90 degrees, as shown by the square marker.
Vertical angles form when we have two lines cross to create an X shape. Vertical angles are opposite one another and always congruent.
Adjacent angles are right next to each other. They share a common segment. Think of them as neighbors that share a common apartment wall. The angles in problem 1 are also adjacent, but I think "complementary" is more descriptive if you can only pick one term.
Supplementary angles add to 180. They form a straight line. These angles are also adjacent, but I think supplementary fits better if you can only pick one term.
The equation to solve is b+151 = 180. Subtract 151 from both sides to get b = 29. The equation works because the angles are supplementary.
You need to solve b+142 = 180. You should get b = 38 after subtracting 142 from both sides.
