During the cell division, occurs mistakes that might affect the final organism. In the exposed example, there is a mistake during the anaphase, and duplicated chromosomes do not get to segregate independently.
During the cell division process, the genetic material duplicates, and then, each copy of the chromosome migrates forward to a different cell pole.
This event is known as segregation.
- Segregation occurs during the anaphase (mitosis or meiosis)
- Each of the duplicated chromosomes or chromatids joins the spindle fibers and moves to one of the poles.
Sometimes errors occur during cell division. One of these errors might lead the chromosomes to migrate to the wrong pole. If this is the case, segregation does not occur.
When this error occurs in the first phase of meiosis (anaphase 1), it is called non-disjunction.
- Non-disjunction is a defect or mistake in the separation of the homologous chromosomes during anaphase of the meiotic division.
- Autopolyploidy is produced mainly due to non-disjunction during meiosis.
In the attached image all chromosomes are duplicated, but the triangle and the rectangle are suffering from error during segregation.
There should be one triangle and one rectangle on each side of the cell. Instead, there are two triangles and two rectangles on the same side.
This reflects a mistake during the anaphase where duplicated chromosomes must segregate independently.
You can learn more about errors during cell division at
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