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Answer and explanation;
- Lithification refers to the process that involves compacting, sedimentation and cementing of the mass together under pressure to create a sand stone, a form of sedimentary rock.
- Weathering and erosion of rocks creates sediments which collect and are then moved to another location.
- At some point the sediment may become heavy for the agent such as water to carry and thus deposited. As this deposit thickens, it becomes heavier and thus lithification process start.
- Compaction forces the grains of the deposited sediments closer together, forcing out air and water.
- As a result of compaction the sediment's pores becomes smaller. Minerals deposit in these pores as the water squeezes out. As the water moves out the pressure increases, the mineral deposits start hardening thus cementing the entire mass and this results to a sand stone.
Lithification is the process where loose grains of sediments are converted into rocks.
The sequence of events in the lithification of a sandstone goes thus:
Weathering: This is when the rocks such as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic rocks are broken down into smaller parts.
Transportation: After the rocks are broken down into sediments, transportation takes place. This is when the sediments are transported to other parts.
Deposition: The transported sediments are then deposited layer upon layer.
Compaction and cementation: As sedimentation continues, the sediments are compacted and this eventually leads to the formation of rocks such as sandstone, shale, limestone, etc.
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