This value is approximate.
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Explanation:
Let's compute the z score for x = 40
z = (x-mu)/sigma
z = (40-47)/7
z = -1
We're exactly one standard deviation below the mean.
Repeat these steps for x = 68
z = (x-mu)/sigma
z = (68-47)/7
z = 3
This score is exactly three standard deviations above the mean.
Now refer to the Empirical Rule chart below. We'll add up the percentages that are between z = -1 and z = 3. This consists of the two pink regions (each 34%), the right blue region (13.5%) and the right green region (2.35%). These percentages are approximate.
34+34+13.5+2.35 = 83.85
Roughly 83.85% of the one-mile roadways have between 40 and 68 potholes.
