Based on the Political Science definition, resistance by political parties to mobilizing disengaged Americans to vote because their lack of involvement makes their allegiance to one or the other party suspect creates a "Circle of Nonparticipation."
This is because there are certain Americans that hardly participate in the elections. These people are often termed as nonparticipants.
Most of the time, these people only participate during federal elections or on issues closely affecting them. These people are sometimes considered uninvolved.
However, in a situation whereby the political parties resist mobilizing the disengaged Americans to vote, this action tends to reinforce their nonparticipation attitude, therefore creating a Circle of Nonparticipation among them.
Hence, in this case, it is concluded that the correct answer is "Circle of Nonparticipation."
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