A Most ecosystems on Earth rely on sunlight as the primary energy source for the synthesis of organic compounds that living organisms need. Sunlight does not penetrate deep enough in the ocean to provide energy for organisms living near hydrothermal vents. How can these densely populated communities survive without energy from the sun?
a. chemoheterotrophic bacteria convert organic compounds into carbon dioxide which is used by other organisms as an energy source
b. chemoheterotrophic bacteria harvest chemical energy from hydrogen sulfide and then provide the basis of food for the vent communities
c. chemoautotrophic bacteria harvest chemical energy from hydrogen sulfide and then provide the basis of food for the vent communities
d. chemoautotrophic bacteria fix nitrogen which then is used as a source of energy for other organisms

Question

15-10-2021
Biology

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A Most ecosystems on Earth rely on sunlight as the primary energy source for the synthesis of organic compounds that living organisms need. Sunlight does not penetrate deep enough in the ocean to provide energy for organisms living near hydrothermal vents. How can these densely populated communities survive without energy from the sun?
a. chemoheterotrophic bacteria convert organic compounds into carbon dioxide which is used by other organisms as an energy source
b. chemoheterotrophic bacteria harvest chemical energy from hydrogen sulfide and then provide the basis of food for the vent communities
c. chemoautotrophic bacteria harvest chemical energy from hydrogen sulfide and then provide the basis of food for the vent communities
d. chemoautotrophic bacteria fix nitrogen which then is used as a source of energy for other organisms

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sandlee09 sandlee09 · Answer 1 · 2022-03-08T09:52:49+01:00

From what we know, we can confirm that chemoautotrophic bacteria harvest chemical energy from hydrogen sulfide and then provide the basis of food for the vent communities.

What are chemoautotrophs?

These are organisms that do not require sunlight, given that they do not need to eat. These organisms, like those present amongst the vent communities, are self-sustaining organisms. They are capable of creating their own energy and therefore do not require a food source, allowing them to sustain the entire ecosystem without the need for sunlight.

Therefore, we can confirm that due to the presence and function of the chemoautotrophic bacteria, option C is correct.

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