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The element of lowest atomic number whose electron configuration has 4 completely filled p orbitals is, Xenon, Xe with electron configuration:1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²4d¹⁰5p⁶.

According to the question, we are required to identify the element with the lowest atomic number whose electronic configuration has four completely filled p sub-shells.

Evidently, the shell with energy level one has no p orbital.

  • Therefore, the existence of p orbitals in electron configuration begins with shell energy level, n=2.

  • However, we must know that the p-orbital comprises of 3 sub-orbitals namely;

p(x) , p(y) and p(z) with two electrons of opposing spin in each sub orbital.

  • Therefore, the total number of electrons in the p orbital is 6 electrons.

In essence, the element in question should have electron configuration;

  • 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²4d¹⁰5p⁶.

The electron configuration above contains 54 electrons and has atomic number, 54.

In essence, the element of lowest atomic number whose electron configuration has 4 completely filled p orbitals is, Xenon, Xe.

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