Answer:
The role of the Speaker is multi-faceted; part-Chair, part-referee, part symbolic representative of the Commons as a whole. Their responsibilities include:
Controlling debate
The Speaker has an important role in controlling debate in the Commons. While most business in the House is largely controlled and timetabled by the Government, the Speaker can lengthen or curtail debate before the point of ‘closure’, when a motion or bill goes to a vote.
Deciding who can speak
MPs do not have an automatic right to speak during debates and the Speaker must balance MPs' participation with ensuring the smooth running of parliamentary business. Those wishing to speak will try and ‘catch the Speaker’s eye’, rising from their seats briefly once the previous MP has finished their contribution.
In deciding who to call, the Speaker will consider:
the standard practice of calling the official spokespeople from the Government and the Opposition to bookmark the ends of a debate
whether some MPs have a specific interest in the topic being debated (such as a direct constituency link or policy expertise)
an MP’s seniority
whether an MP has had a previous opportunity to contribute
the time available for the debate
the need to protect the rights of parliamentary minorities. Whether minorities have had a chance to contribute can be an important consideration in deciding whether to bring a debate to an end.
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