There are two explanations for this phenomenon: phosphorylation of the protein X in the heart activates its function (Option C) or phosphorylation of the protein X in the kidney and the brain deactivates its function (Option D). Therefore, both Option C and Option D are correct.
- Phosphorylation is a posttranslational protein modification that is capable of activating or deactivating protein function.
- Phosphorylation alters the three-dimensional structure of a protein, thereby modifying its function (i.e., activate or deactivate the target protein).
- Phosphorylation occurs at specific amino acids (e.g., serine and threonine residues) of the target protein.
- Moreover, mRNA splicing (RNA processing) occurs before the protein state, it is a transcriptional process. This process consists in removing the non-coding regions or 'introns' from pre-mRNA and subsequent joining protein-coding regions or 'exons' to enable the translation of the mRNA into a protein.
- In consequence, in this case, it is possible that 1-phosphorylation of the protein X in the heart activates its function, or 2-phosphorylation of the protein X in the kidney and the brain deactivates its function. Therefore, both Option C and Option D are correct.
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