Answer:
a. weight, charge, or shape
Explanation:
Gel electrophoresis is a molecular technique used to separate samples of DNA, RNA and proteins on the basis of charge, mass or size. The molecules migrate through a gel matrix supplied with electric current on the basis of size or charge. For example, +ve charge molecules move towards the -ve end of the matrix or smaller molecules move faster.
According to this question, the movement of DNA or RNA in gel electrophoresis is often a matter of molecular weight (size) alone. However, that of protein involves a combination of weight, charge, or shape.