The book is lifted upward, but gravity points down, so the work done by gravity must be negative (so you can eliminate options 1 and 3).
The force exerted on the book by gravity has magnitude
F = mg = (10 N) (9.80 m/s^2) = 9.8 N ≈ 10 N
You raise the book 1.0 m in the opposite direction, so the work done is
W = (10 N) (-1.0 m) = -10 J
The work done by gravity on the book is -10 Joules. The correct option is 2.
The force of attraction felt by a person at the center of a planet or Earth is called as the gravity.
Given are the three positions. The Earth has the acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.81 m/s²,
The book is lifted upward, but gravity points down, so the work done by gravity must be negative (so you can eliminate options 1 and 3).
The force exerted on the book by gravity has magnitude
F = mg = 10 N x( -9.80 m/s² )= -9.8 N
F ≈ -10 N
The book is raised by 1.0 m in the opposite direction, so the work done is
W =- 10 N x 1.0 m = -10 J
Thus, the correct option is 2.
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