(1) aluminum
- A substance that cannot be broken down into chemically simpler components is an element.
- A substance that can be broken down into chemically simpler components (because it has more than one element) is a compound.
Let's look at all the options first:
- Ammonium chloride appears to sublime upon heating but actually decomposes into ammonia and hydrogen chloride gas.
- Aluminum oxide is a compound. As it breaks down, it enables the pure aluminum underneath it to react as well.
- Aluminum, which is used in soda cans, is an element thus it cannot be broken down by chemical means.
- Ammonia is a compound it can be broken down down into simpler components.
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