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The supply of energy and of each needed chemical element restricts a system operation -- for example , without inputs of energy ( sunlight ) and matter ( carbon dioxide and water ) , a plant cannot grow. Hence , it is very informative to track the transfers of matter and energy within , into , or out of any system under study.

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Scientists track the energy in a system for analyzing and comparison of  the efficiencies of the different systems, to know whether one system has some advantage over another

What is thermal energy?

Thermal energy also referred to as heat energy, can be described as the type of energy in which heat is transmitted from one body to another body as a result of its molecular movements.

The accepted unit for calculating energy is the joule (J). The unit of measurement for electric energy known as the kilowatt-hour (kWh) should be mentioned among the most popular ones (in fact it is used to calculate electricity bills). The Terawatt/hour (TWh), or one billion kW/h, is used to determine a large power plant's production or a nation's consumption.

Thus, To analyze and compare the efficiencies of various systems and determine whether one system has an advantage over another, scientists monitor the energy in a system.

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