Respuesta :
Answer:
0.3413 = 34.13% probability that the sample mean fare of the 64 fares in the sample is between $9.5 and $10.
Step-by-step explanation:
To solve this question, we need to understand the normal probability distribution and the central limit theorem.
Normal Probability Distribution:
Problems of normal distributions can be solved using the z-score formula.
In a set with mean [tex]\mu[/tex] and standard deviation [tex]\sigma[/tex], the z-score of a measure X is given by:
[tex]Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}[/tex]
The Z-score measures how many standard deviations the measure is from the mean. After finding the Z-score, we look at the z-score table and find the p-value associated with this z-score. This p-value is the probability that the value of the measure is smaller than X, that is, the percentile of X. Subtracting 1 by the p-value, we get the probability that the value of the measure is greater than X.
Central Limit Theorem
The Central Limit Theorem estabilishes that, for a normally distributed random variable X, with mean [tex]\mu[/tex] and standard deviation [tex]\sigma[/tex], the sampling distribution of the sample means with size n can be approximated to a normal distribution with mean [tex]\mu[/tex] and standard deviation [tex]s = \frac{\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}[/tex].
For a skewed variable, the Central Limit Theorem can also be applied, as long as n is at least 30.
Mean equals to $10 and a population standard deviation of $4
This means that [tex]\mu = 10, \sigma = 4[/tex]
Sample of 64
This means that [tex]n = 8, s = \frac{4}{\sqrt{64}} = 0.5[/tex]
What is the probability that the sample mean fare of the 64 fares in the sample is between $9.5 and $10?
This is the pvalue of Z when X = 10 subtracted by the pvalue of Z when X = 9.5.
X = 10
[tex]Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}[/tex]
By the Central Limit Theorem
[tex]Z = \frac{X - \mu}{s}[/tex]
[tex]Z = \frac{10 - 10}{0.5}[/tex]
[tex]Z = 0[/tex]
[tex]Z = 0[/tex] has a pvalue of 0.5
X = 9.5
[tex]Z = \frac{X - \mu}{s}[/tex]
[tex]Z = \frac{9.5 - 10}{0.5}[/tex]
[tex]Z = -1[/tex]
[tex]Z = -1[/tex] has a pvalue of 0.1587
0.5 - 0.1587 = 0.3413
0.3413 = 34.13% probability that the sample mean fare of the 64 fares in the sample is between $9.5 and $10.
