Taking into account the definition of net ionic equation, the net ionic equation is:
SO²⁻(aq) + Ca²⁺(aq) → CaSO₄(s)
The net ionic equation is a chemical equation for a reaction that lists only the species that participate in the reaction.
In other words, an ionic equation is a chemical equation where electrolytes in aqueous solution are written as dissociated ions.
The balanced equation will be:
Na₂SO₄(aq) + CaCl₂(aq) → CaSO₄(s) + 2 NaCl(aq)
where (aq) means aqueous and (s) solid.
Taking into account that:
- All Cl⁻, Br⁻ and I⁻ salts are soluble.
- All alkali metal salts are soluble. (for example, Li, Na, K salts).
- Most of the sulfate salts (SO₄²⁻) are soluble. Exceptions to this include CaSO₄, BaSO₄, Ag₂SO₄, HgSO₄, and SrSO₄, which are slightly soluble. PbSO₄ is poorly soluble.
The total ionic equation in separated aqueous solution will be:
2 Na⁺(aq) + SO²⁻(aq) + Ca²⁺(aq) + 2 Cl⁻(aq) → CaSO₄(s) + 2 Na⁺(aq) + 2 Cl⁻(aq)
A spectator ion is an ion that appears both as a reactant and as a product in an ionic equation.
Spectator ions can be either cations (positively charged ions) or anions (negatively charged ions).
When writing a net ionic equation, spectator ions found in the original equation are ignored. Thus, the total ionic reaction is different from the net chemical reaction.
In this case, Na⁺ and Cl⁻ are the spectator ions because they appear unchanged in both the product and the reagent. So these ions cancel out by writing the net ionic equation and you get:
SO²⁻(aq) + Ca²⁺(aq) → CaSO₄(s)
In summary, the net ionic equation is:
SO²⁻(aq) + Ca²⁺(aq) → CaSO₄(s)
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