President Nixon's policy of Vietnamization focuses on the strategy of shifting the responsibility for fighting the Vietnam War to South Vietnamese Troops.
Who was Richard Nixon?
He was the 37th U.S.A President serving from 1969-74 who belongs to Republican Party , senator from California.
His tenure showcased:
- Reduction of U.S. involvement in Vietnam War.
- Détente with Soviet Union and China
- First manned Moon landing
- Establishment of the Environment Protection Agency
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
What was Vietnamization?
Vietnamization was a policy of the Richard Nixon administration to end U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War through a program to "expand, equip, and train South Vietnamese forces and assign to them an ever-increasing combat role at the same time steadily reducing the number of U.S. combat troops".
Brought on by the Viet Cong's Tet Offensive, the policy referred to U.S. combat troops specifically in the ground combat role but did not reject combat by the U.S. Air Force, as well as the support to South Vietnam, consistent with the policies of U.S. foreign military assistance organizations.
Nixon said Vietnamization had two components:
- Strengthening the armed force of the South Vietnamese in numbers, equipment, leadership and combat skills.
- The extension of the pacification program i.e. military aid to civilians in South Vietnam.
The policy of Vietnamization, despite its successful execution, was ultimately a failure as the improved ARVN forces and the reduced American and allied component were unable to prevent the fall of Saigon and the subsequent merger of the north and south, to form the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
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