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Types of Osmosis

Osmosis is of two types:

Endosmosis– When a substance is placed in a hypotonic solution, the solvent molecules move inside the cell and the cell becomes turgid or undergoes deplasmolysis. This is known as endosmosis.

Exosmosis– When a substance is placed in a hypertonic solution, the solvent molecules move outside the cell and the cell becomes flaccid or undergoes plasmolysis. This is known as exosmosis.

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There are some variations or types of osmosis on the basis of the direction of the movement of solvent molecules.

  • Reverse osmosis is a method of separation that is used to force a solvent through a semi-permeable membrane resulting in solute molecules on one side and solvent molecules on the other side.

  • Reverse osmosis is different than the forward osmosis in that reverse osmosis utilized hydraulic pressure to force the solvent against the osmotic pressure.

  • Forward osmosis is another variation of osmosis where the osmotic pressure gradient is used to induce the flow of water from the sample solution to separate the solutes.

  • Forward osmosis uses a draw solution with a higher concentration of solute, which extracts the solvent molecules from the sample solution; thus, resulting in the separation of solute and solvent in the sample solution.

  • Endosmosis is the movement of water into the cell which occurs when a cell is placed in a solution having a higher concentration of water than the cell.

  • Exosmosis is the movement of water out of the cell which occurs when a cell is placed in a solution having a higher concentration of solute than the cell.