n a water molecule, shared electrons spend more time around the oxygen atom than the hydrogen atoms. As a result, the oxygen atom is slightly negative.
The water molecule is dipolar, because it has an electropositive and an electronegative region. This is because the oxygen atom being more electronegative than the hydrogen atom and attracts the shared electrons of each bond with more force.
Therefore, a negative charge density (-) appears in oxygen (since electrons have a negative charge) and a positive charge density (+) in hydrogen. So water is a polar molecule, since it has a negative and a positive part or pole, although the whole of the molecule is neutral.
When two water molecules are very close to each other, an attraction is established between the oxygen of one of the molecules, which has a negative partial charge, and one of the hydrogens of the other molecule, which has a positive partial charge. Such an interaction is called a hydrogen bond.
In summary, in a water molecule, shared electrons spend more time around the oxygen atom than the hydrogen atoms. As a result, the oxygen atom is slightly negative.
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