The answer is option 3: Cleisthenes.
Cleisthenes (570 bce - 508 bce) was a statement that now is regarded as "The founder of Athenian democracy" for creating the first system of direct democracy in Athens.
In 508 bce, Cleisthenes, along with the popular Assembly against the nobles, created a series of reforms that intended to break the power of the aristocratic families and clans and to prevent the rise of another tyrant. Through this reforms, he reorganized the people of Athens into 139 local units or "demes", in which all free adult male had to register to become a citizen and be able to participate in the boule, a new council of 500 where everyone had an equal right to speak and elect its own officers.
