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The primary function of the plasma membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings. Composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, the plasma membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and regulates the movement of substances in and out of cells.

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The structure of cell membrane helps in being selectively permeable that play a major role in regulating the entry and exit of molecules into and out of the cell.  

The cell membrane is a biological membrane that makes the barrier between the interior of all cells and the outside environment. It is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.

Due to phospholipid bilayer that has hydrophilic heads toward outside and intercellular matrix and hydrophobic tails in the middle, it is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules:

  • It forms a physical barrier between the cell and the external environment
  • selected necessary molecules to pass through it
  • regulates the entry and exit of molecules into and out of the cell.  
  • permits the entry of vital molecules like water, oxygen and amino acids, glucose into the cell
  • these molecules are crucial for various life processes
  • metabolic waste products are expelled through the cell membrane.
  • it provides signals from one cell to another.

Thus, the major function of cell membrane is due to its structure.

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