Active transport is required for energy given to proteins in the phospholipid layer (Option c).
Active transport is a type of transport across a cell membrane that requires energy, usually in the form of ATP, to move substances (either molecules or ions) against a gradient of concentration.
Conversely, passive transport refers to the movement of substances across a membrane in favor of a concentration gradient, which does not require energy.
Active transport is mediated by transporter proteins known as carriers and/or pumps.
In conclusion, active transport is required for energy given to proteins in the phospholipid layer (Option c).
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