The name given to the pairs of valence electrons that do not participate in bonding in diatomic oxygen molecule is called Unshared pair
Unshared pair of electrons are also called Free radicals, lone pair or non bonding pairs, they refer to electrons that do not take part in covalent bonding of molecules.
Unshared pair together with shared pair occupy the valence electron shell and make up the valence electrons.
Diatomic oxygen molecule has 4 pair of unshared electrons
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