Since the diagram is about cell division and is indicating with an arrow that the cell has gone through the interphase and mitosis events, its limitation is that it does not show all phases of mitosis. Option B.
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The diagram is about cell division through the process of mitosis.
- It shows a cell, its nucleus, and chromosomes.
- The arrow indicates that the cell has gone through the S phase and then through mitosis.
- Finally, it shows the two daughter cells.
Let us first review the stages involved in cell division. After that, we will answer the question.
INTERPHASE
The interphase occurs before cell division. It is composed of the G1, S, and G2 stages.
- During the G1 stage, the cell duplicates in size. The organelles and other cytoplasmatic structures duplicate. The high intense biochemical activity is characteristic of this stage.
- During the S stage occurs the DNI replication process. At this point, also happens the synthesis of histones and other associated proteins. This is the only stage where the DNI molecule is replicated.
- The G2 stage is the final one before the cellular division. Here begins the slow process of DNI condensation. Duplication of centrioles completes. Structures such as spindle fibers are assembled.
MITOSIS
Mitosis is a process by which, from a diploid somatic cell (2n), two daughter diploid cells (2n) are produced.
Mitosis occurs in four stages.
- In the prophase, it occurs chromosomes condensation and nuclear membrane breaks.
- During the metaphase, chromosomes are taken toward the center of the cell by the spindle apparatus. Once in the equatorial plane, chromosomes line up.
Each chromatid joins with a microtubule of opposites poles.
- In Anaphase, bonds between chromatids break. They separate and migrate to the opposite poles.
- In telophase, duplicated chromosomes are already in the corresponding poles, and the nuclear membrane forms again in each pole.
CYTOKINESIS
Finally, cytokinesis occurs. It occurs immediately after mitosis, and refers to the cytoplasmic division.
Options:
- A) It does not show that mitosis creates more than two daughter cells.
This is not correct because a single mitosis event produces only two daughter cells. Succesive mitosis can produce many new cells. But each cell can only divide into two.
- B) It does not show all phases of mitosis.
This is correct. The diagram only says that mitosis has occurred, but it does not represent all the phases.
- C) It does not show senescence.
The diagram does not show senescence, but porbably because it is not involved in cell division. So this optionn would not be correct either.
- D) It does not show the final result of mitosis.
This is wrong because it is showing that there are two new daughter cells, which are equal to the original cell.
So the only correct option is B
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