Answer:
$84 million in bonds issued January 1, 2018
coupon rate 14%, semiannual 7% interest
maturity = 10 years x 2 = 20 periods
market interest rate = 16% / 2 = 8% semiannual
1) market price of the bonds:
PV of face value = $84,000,000 / (1 + 8%)²⁰ = $18,022,049.42
PV of coupon payments = $5,880,000 x 9.8181 (PV annuity factor, 8%, 20 periods) = $57,730,428
market price = $18,022,049.42 + $57,730,428 = $75,752,477.42 ≈ $75,752,477
2) January 1, 2021, bonds issued at a discount
Dr Cash 75,752,477
Dr Discount on bonds payable 8,247,523
Cr Bonds payable 84,000,000
3) June 30, 2021, first coupon payment
Dr Interest expense 6,060,198
Cr Cash 5,880,000
Cr Discount on bonds payable 180,198
amortization of bond discount = ($75,752,477 x 8%) - $5,880,000 = $180,198
4) December 31, 2018, second coupon payment
Dr Interest expense 6,074,614
Cr Cash 5,880,000
Cr Discount on bonds payable 194,614
amortization of bond discount = ($75,932,675 x 8%) - $5,880,000 = $194,614