Answer:
D. inferred causation from correlation
Explanation:
Correlation is defined as the relations between the two variables whether negative or positive. It means, changes in a variable can cause a change in other variables.
Causation is defined as the condition in which change in one variable is caused by the change in other variable.
In the given example, the researcher does not show any direct relation between scores and encyclopedia. The researcher incorrectly inferred that scores are the cause of the encyclopedia.
Hence, the correct answer is "D".