Answer:
b. exit the cell cycle completely and enter a nondividing cellular state
Explanation:
If a mutation happens that the normal processes at G2 checkpoint are altered, such cell would be expected to exit the cell cycle completely and enter a non-dividing cellular state.
The interphase of the cell cycle respectively consist of G0, G1, S, and G2 phase. The G0 phase is a quiescent phase for cells that are not actively dividing. Actively dividing cells enter G1 phase from mitotic division phase.
At G1, the cell undergoes growth and development and increases in volume. The S phase is characterized by DNA synthesis and continued cell growth. Thereafter, the cell enters G2 phase where protein is synthesized before moving to another phase in the life-cycle which is the M or mitotic/meotic phase.
The cell undergoes some critical checkpoints at specific points of the cycle such as G1 checkpoint, G2 checkpoint, and M checkpoint. When signals are not given for a go ahead into the next stage of the cell-cycle, the cell can signal movement into G0 phase which is a non-dividing phase.
Hence, if a genetic alteration results in the disruption of G2 checkpoint activities, the cell will not be able to continue with the cycle and signal will be given to enter a non-dividing state.
The correct option is b.