Vaughn Corporation produces wooden and aluminum baseball bats. In preparing the current budget, Vaughn’s management estimated a total of $381,000 in manufacturing overhead costs and 12,700 machine hours for the coming year. In December, Vaughn’s accountants reported actual manufacturing overhead incurred of $571,000 and 10,700 machine hours used during the year. Vaughn applies overhead based on machine hours.

What was Vaughn’s predetermined overhead rate for the year?