When we apply the 10 Hz output, which is within the pass band of the filter, we see that we get nearly the same sinusoid in the output except for a time delay. How is the time delay a signal experiences as it passes through a system related to the phase characteristic of the system response?
Time delay of a signal is the period shift it undergoes, this periodic shift or phase shift is as a result of the amount of time it takes the processor to determine the equations.