Answer: I do believe it’s c Isaac Newton was the first scientist to propose the idea that gravity increases as distance between objects decreases.
Explanation: I just compared this question with another question
Here we have kind of a history question. We want to see which statement best describes the development of Newton's theory of universal gravitation.
We will see that actually two of these are the correct ones:
"Isaac Newton was the first scientist to propose the idea that gravity increases as distance between objects decreases"
"Isaac Newton described the existence of gravitational force mathematically, but he built upon the ideas of other scientists before him"
Let's analyze all the given options:
1) "Johannes Kepler and Isaac Newton worked together to define gravity as a force on Earth"
Newton worked over Kepler's work, but they did not work together
2) "Isaac Newton was the first scientist to propose the idea that gravity increases as distance between objects decreases"
The relation between distance and gravitational force was already thought, but Newton is the first one that proposes that the gravitational force decreases with the distance squared. But the inverse square law is something that existed long before Newton's theory, we assign this idea to Newton as he was the first one to apply it to gravity.
3) "Isaac Newton described the existence of gravitational force mathematically, but he built upon the ideas of other scientists before him"
True, this will be true for almost every scientific advance you can think of.
4) "Nicolaus Copernicus and Robert Hooke contradicted Newton's theory of universal gravitation"
False, there are some theories that say that Hooke gave Newton the inverse-square force idea, while Newton denies it. All of them worked on similar things, that in fact have some differences, but a similar train of thinking.
Concluding, the two that are true are:
"Isaac Newton was the first scientist to propose the idea that gravity increases as distance between objects decreases"
"Isaac Newton described the existence of gravitational force mathematically, but he built upon the ideas of other scientists before him"
While this second one is more trivial than the first.
If you want to learn more, you can read:
https://brainly.com/question/377773
