Answer:
The process of sex determination in humans - and other higher animals - depends on the presence of sex chromosomes X and Y, also called sexual determinants.
Explanation:
In humans, phenotypic sex is established through the association of the sex chromosomes provided by the father and mother.
- In men, the pair of sex chromosomes is XY, and Y is the one that produces the appearance of male traits. He is responsible for transferring the determinant X or Y to the offspring.
- In women, the association of the sexual determinant X forming the couple XX -and due to the absence of the Y chromosome- produces the appearance of female traits.
Each gamete contains only one chromosome of the sexual pair, X or Y. At the time of fertilization, when sperm and ovum are joined, the fusion of both gametes will produce male (XY) or female (XX) individuals.
A child containing a permanently fused X chromosome to an X chromosome will be of the female sex.
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