Answer and Explanation:
All the components a prokaryotic cell can have are:
- Plasma membrane
- Cell wall
- Capsule
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleoid (where DNA is, it is not an actual nucleus)
- Plasmid
- Ribosomes (for protein synthesis)
- Pillus or Pili
-Flagellum or flagella
-Fimbria or fimbriae
A typical prokaryotic cell have plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleoid (genetic material) and ribosomes. Some prokaryotic cells have also cell wall, capsule, plasmids, pili, fimbriae and flagella and these components can be used for the cell to survive to unfavourable conditions.
Cell wall mantains the shape of the cell, prevents dehydratation and gives extra protection. Capsule is useful for the cell to attach surfaces. Plasmid is a circular molecule of DNA which is able to replicate independently of the chromosome (in nucleoid) and it can be transfered through a pillus to another prokaryotic cell. Plasmid can contain a gene that confers bacteria an antibiotic resistance, so if the cell posses the plasmid, it is resistent to the antibiotic. Flagellum is used for locomotion (to move on in a medium) and fimbriae are used to attach to surfaces.
