Answer:
Explanation:
Protein molecules binding to DNA initiate sequences of biochemical transitions that control and regulate all major process in the living cells
These protein molecules strongly bond to special sequences of DNA known as specific binding sites
Theoretically , there are two main components of binding forces
- One of them is purely electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged DNA and protein molecules that are mostly sequence independent
- Other one comes from particular DNA sequence that strengthens the attraction of protein molecules
The origin of this increased affinity is due to combination of van der waals , hydrogen , covalent and steric interactions as well as electrostatic charge patterns recognition
Some studies has suggested that there is an additional statistical interaction potential between protein and DNA molecules. Source of this interaction is due to the specific structure and symmetry of DNA sequences to which protein molecule binds
DNA sequences with repeated homogeneous segments (A:T or G:C) have stronger affinity for association to DNA binding proteins as compared to heterogeneous sequences
3 types of interactions takes place on encounter of protein and DNA molecule which are van der waals forces , hydrogen bonds between complimentary organic bases (base pairs) and hydrophobic interactions between the nitrogenous bases and the surrounding sheath of water
Of all these forces van der waals forces are strongest and hydrophobic interaction between the nitrogenous bases and surrounding sheath of water is the weakest .
