What is the definition of a reflux? What happens to the solvent during a reflux experiment? What are three characteristics of a "good" solvent to use for refluxing? You are asked to reflux a solution for one hour. At what point does the reflux time start? What is the temperature of the solution during the reflux? Should you report a melting point as a single number or a range? How are the high and low endpoints of the range determined experimentally during the melting point experiment? What is the relationship between the purity of a compound and its melting point range? Briefly describe how a rotary evaporator works. What is likely to happen if cooling water is not run through the condenser when solvent is vaporized using a rotary evaporator? That is, where is the solvent likely to end up?

a. In a reflux, the condensate is returned to the original flask or boiler. This is keep heating the process fluid at a constant temperature without the use of additional fuel. In addition, it increased the molar fraction of the distillate (In other words, it promotes and increased purity in the product)

b. A solvent should be stable, it should not undergo side reactions to form undesirable side products, the solvent should be stable at high temperatures. In addition, the solvent should be chemically inert if possible.

c. It is best to report as a range. Note the experiment is not an ideal set-up, the melting point is determined by many factors.

d. The melting points can be determined by taking a series of measurements graphically.

e. Impure substances lower the melting point.

bratislava bratislava · Answer 2 · 2022-02-28T05:46:44+01:00

The answers are

The reflux is the return of the process fluid after it has been cooled.
Should be stable in high temperatures.
As the range.
Taking the series of measurements.
To impure, the substances melt at the lower temperatures.

What is a reflux ?

A reflux is used to keep the heating process of the fluid at a constant temperature without the use of additional fuels.

The solvent can be kept at the stable, and not undergo a side reaction to form the undesirable side products. It should have stability at high temperatures and be chemical inert .

Should be reported as the range. The experiment is not an ideal set-up, the melting point as it has many factors.

All the melting points can be taken by the series of the measurements graphically. The Impure substance can reduce the melting point.

Find out more information about the reflux experiment.

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