Respuesta :
Answer:
Option D
Explanation:
It reduces the tendency for hydrocarbons to interact with one another and the double bond produces kinks on the hydrocarbons chain which makes them difficult to pack together and this makes membrane remains fluid at lowered temperature
In the given case, in order to maintain the same level of membrane fluidity, the bacterium needs to generate lipids with shorter hydrocarbon tails and more double bonds.
The factors affecting membrane fluidity:
The viscosity of the lipid bilayer of a cell membrane is termed as membrane fluidity. The fluidity of the membrane is influenced by the fatty acids, that is, whether the fatty acids are unsaturated or saturated it has an effect on the fluidity of the membrane. Apart from this, the length of the hydrocarbon chain also affects fluidity of the membrane.
In colder temperatures, the presence of long chains and saturated fatty acids limits the fluidity of the membrane as the absence of double bond makes the membrane very tightly packed and strong, thus, inhibiting the entry of vital nutrients within the cell.
To overcome the issue, at lower temperatures, the organisms need to generate lipids with unsaturated fatty acids possessing double bonds, as the presence of double bonds enhances fluidity. Apart from this, the presence of small hydrocarbon chains also helps to increase the fluidity of the membrane.
Thus, the in the given case, the bacterium in order to survive should produce lipids with shorter hydrocarbon tails and more double bonds.
Find out more information about membrane fluidity here:
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