Answer:
Decrease blood flow to the skin, sweat gland do not secrete fluid, shivering to generate heat from involuntary muscle contractions, goose bumps and increase in hormone secretion that act to increase heat production.
Explanation:
Sensory nerve endings located in the skin, skeletal muscles, liver and hypothalamus known as thermoreceptors are activated whenever there is either a drop or rise in body temperature. They send signals to the brain to regulate body temperature. Whenever there is a drop in body temperature, the cold thermoreceptors send signals to the brain to initiate the appropriate action to maintain homeostasis. These actions include redirection of blood flow from the skin to body core (or decrease blood flow to the skin) temporal stoppage of secretion by sweat glands, shivering (involuntary muscle contraction to generate heat), goose bumps to trap a layer of air near the skin, and increase in hormone secretions that increase heat production.
